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Conventional Signs in Visual Language •

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List of Conventional graphic signs


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Despite the prevalence of iconic signs in visual languages (those that look like what they represent), there still remains a great deal of diversity found in conventional signs used by "comics" around the world. This list is an attempt to begin categorizing signs of this type. It is an ongoing project, so please email me if you have anything to add.

Key:

US (and if not marked) – American
J – Japanese

E – European (to be subdivided later if needed)


Facial and other expressions of mental states and/or emotions

Substitutions for eyes

Hearts - love, infatuation, sexual desire
Dollars $ - greed, desire for money
X's - hurt, dead, or passed out
Spirals – mesmerized, hypnotized

Hovering above head (potentially null Tail & Carrier)

! - surprise
? - curiosity, questioning
Hearts - love, infatuation, desire
Circling birds/stars - wooziness, dizziness, partial consciousness
Zzzz - sleep
Stars - pain, dizziness
            • potentially as a result of contact between entities
Dark Scribble - bad mood (somewhat tornado shaped) (US, J)
Black cloud (with lightning) - depressed or out of luck
Skull and crossbones - avarice, wanting someone dead
Light bulb - an idea, inspiration
Lightning bolt – anger, rage
Bubbles surrounding head - sexual arousal (J)

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Bubble coming from someone's nose - sleepiness, fatigue (J)
Bubbles coming from someone’s nose or mouth – inebriation (US, E)

Skulls (resembling person) coming out of their mouth – death (Usagi Yojimbo…elsewhere too?)
            • Also: Amorphous blobs or lines with sparks at top

Lines of water/sweat radiating from a head – frustration, anger

Scribble (or red) on cheeks - sexual arousal (J)
Scribble (or red) on cheeks - embarassment

Sawing of a log - Sleep
Hunger - substitution of body parts or whole people for food substances

 

Depictions of Attributes

Curvy lines above an object - stinky, smelly
Dotted lines as an outline – invisibility, “non-presence”

 

Depictions of Contact between Entities

Star(s) – impact or collision (see also, Stars above)

 

Indexical lines

Path lines

Endokinetic lines - motion lines attached to their moving object
Epikinetic lines - motion lines which substitute for their moving object
Exokinetic lines - motion lines trailing behind or otherwise detached from their moving object
            • Variant representations include dotted line trail behind object
Exoscopic lines - lines emerging from an entity's eyes to show the path of sight toward an object

            • Daggers coming from eyes - avarice

Lines Surrounding Objects

Perikinetic lines (motion lines surrounding the moving object) - shaking, wiggling
           
Cyclical Perikinetic lines - spinning, rotating

Radial Lines

Periscopic lines (zoom lines moving toward the object they are focusing on) - awareness, surprise, focusing of attention (?)
            • curvy or jagged zooming lines - variation on emotive state
Zooming lines – awareness, surprise, focusing of attention (?)
curvy or jagged zooming lines – variation on emotive state
straight or jagged lines – radiation
slightly curved – a transcendental state

Curvy lines above an object – steam or smoke

Depictions of ideas

Man wearing a barrel - poverty
Flies coming out of a wallet - poverty
Pulling out one's pockets - poverty
Man selling apples - poverty
Dollars with wings - poverty


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